The last law of the Gestalt theory is good figure. Good figure takes into consideration the grouping factors, which include proximity, similarity, continuation, and common region, and suggests that when these factors are applied to graphic design figures become “stronger, more stable, and more recognizable than those that don’t” (Kimball and Hawkins, 2008, p. 46). The examples below show how these factors are used to generate images, but one is better than the other.
The two lines are clearly related because they are in close proximity to one another, look similar, continue in the same direction, and are located in the same area. This image, however, does show good figure. Good graphic design takes into consideration alignment; if the icons on your computer screen were wavy like the lines above your eyes would easily become tired and reading would be more of a challenge. Graphic designers want to make reading as simple as possible so they make lines straight and continuous so that they are easy to follow.
The image above shows an example of good figure because the lines are straighter (continuation), simpler (similarity), and more equally separated (proximity) (Kimball and Hawkins, 2008, p. 46). While both examples follow the factors described by the law of grouping, this image is better because it is more consistent and easier to follow just like the toolbars on your computer screen.
Source: Kimball, M.A., & Hawkins, A.R. (2008). Document Design: A Guide for Technical Communicators. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s .